How To Love Kubernetes and Not Wreck The Planet (keynote)

How to Love K 8 s a n d N o t Wrec k the P la net Holly Cummins IBM @holly_cummins

H ow to Love C l oud Na ti ve an d Not Wreck the Planet Holly Cummins IBM @holly_cummins

#IBMGarage @holly_cummins

continuous delivery #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

continuous delivery 20 to 60 code changes are submitted every minute #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

#IBMGarage @holly_cummins

how many pipelines? #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

#IBMGarage @holly_cummins

how much energy does that use? #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

code #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

oil code #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

code #IBMGarage ~= oil @holly_cummins

80% of energy is fossil fuels #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

80% of (US) energy is fossil fuels #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

why does this matter? #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

why does this matter? oh. #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

the earth is getting warmer #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

warmer #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

uncomfortably warmer #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

uncomfortably warmer drought #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

uncomfortably warmer drought floods #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

uncomfortably warmer drought floods submersion #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

uncomfortably warmer drought floods submersion hurricanes #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

uncomfortably warmer drought floods submersion hurricanes fires #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

#IBMGarage @holly_cummins

our industry contributes to climate change #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

we contribute to climate change #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

data centres 1-2% #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

#IBMGarage data centres aviation 1-2% 2.5% @holly_cummins

the dream #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

#IBMGarage @holly_cummins

kubesprawl #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

the cluster is the unit of deployment #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

21 clusters per IBM Cloud account #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

utilisation elasticity #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

application #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

application control plane #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

application manual replica count horizontal auto-scaling control plane #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

! clusters are less elastic than applications manual replica count horizontal auto-scaling application control plane #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

! clusters are less elastic than applications application control plane ! every cluster has overhead #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

#IBMGarage @holly_cummins

serverless? #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

dr. malice #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

namespaces #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

namespace isolation is not enough #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

conway’s law is for clusters, too #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

#IBMGarage @holly_cummins

noisy neighbours #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

name collisions scope errors #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

#IBMGarage @holly_cummins

dev staging prod that weird experiment #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

is this a win? lots of applications control plane #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

zombie workload #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

2017 survey 25% of 16,000 servers doing no useful work #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

2017 survey 25% of 16,000 servers doing no useful work “perhaps someone forgot to turn them off” #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

Hey boss, I created a Kubernetes cluster. #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

Hey boss, I created a Kubernetes cluster. I forgot it for 2 months. #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

Hey boss, I created a Kubernetes cluster. I forgot it for 2 months. … and it’s £1000 a month. #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

== £ #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

#IBMGarage @holly_cummins

is there a solution? #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

let’s figure out what all these cloud workloads are, since I’m paying for them IT Department, UK Bank #IBMGarage long meetings @holly_cummins

tags #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

#IBMGarage @holly_cummins

governance #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

make it easiest to do the right thing #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

finops #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

large bank, 2013 50% reduction in CPUs with a lease system #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

“chaos testing” (turning it off and waiting for shrieks) #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

multicloud management #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

traffic monitoring #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

is K8s the solution? #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

is K8s the solution? (is K8s zombie-proof?) #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

is the cloud zombie-proof? #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

shut it down? but … what if I need this cluster later? #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

the IKEA cognitive bias #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

#IBMGarage @holly_cummins

gitops #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

gitops (infrastructure as code) #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

#IBMGarage @holly_cummins

spin it down #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

spin it down spin it up kubectl apply -f all-my-cluster/ #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

spinning down clusters: the new lights off? #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

spinning down clusters: the new lights off? oh. it is. #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

shutting down instances out of hours reduced costs by 37% #IBMGarage (thanks for the statistic, @darkandnerdy) @holly_cummins

cautions #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

beware micro-optimisation theatre #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

#IBMGarage @holly_cummins

“unsustainable” #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

“sustainable” #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

fixing the wrong problem #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

but … every little helps… #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

think about the other things you’re not optimising #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

knowledge helps us focus on optimisations that matter #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

#IBMGarage @holly_cummins

jevons’ paradox #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

the highway problem #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

what we imagine when we widen roads #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

what we get #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

unsolved problem opportunity #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

sustainability == continuous lifecycle #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

1-2% #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

tool creators, support 1-2% #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

tool creators, support better utilisation elasticity multi-tenancy de-zombification visibility disposability #IBMGarage 1-2% @holly_cummins

1-2% #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

users … 1-2% #IBMGarage @holly_cummins

users … up utilisation aim for elasticity limit kubesprawl de-zombification know what you’re using turn it off #IBMGarage 1-2% @holly_cummins

questions @holly_cummins #IBMGarage @holly_cummins