Cloud Native is About Culture, Not Containers (how to not fail at cloud native) Craft Conf Holly Cummins IBM @holly_cummins
A presentation at Craft Conf in June 2021 in by Holly Cummins
Cloud Native is About Culture, Not Containers (how to not fail at cloud native) Craft Conf Holly Cummins IBM @holly_cummins
© 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
what is cloud native? © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
… what is cloud native? Dr Holly © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
… ???? what is cloud native? Dr Holly © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
® @holly_cummins 4
IBM Garage @holly_cummins
Cloud-native is particularly challenging … because confusion. There are very different meanings for the cloud-native term in use already. IBM Garage @holly_cummins
IBM Garage @holly_cummins
born on the cloud IBM Garage @holly_cummins
born on the cloud IBM Garage @holly_cummins
microservices born on the cloud IBM Garage @holly_cummins
born on the cloud IBM Garage microservices @holly_cummins
kubernetes born on the cloud IBM Garage microservices @holly_cummins
born on the cloud IBM Garage microservices kubernetes @holly_cummins
born on the cloud IBM Garage microservices 12factor kubernetes @holly_cummins
born on the cloud IBM Garage microservices kubernetes 12factor @holly_cummins
born on the cloud IBM Garage microservices kubernetes 12factor modern and nice @holly_cummins
born on the cloud microservices kubernetes 12factor modern and nice IBM Garage @holly_cummins
synonym for ‘cloud’ born on the cloud microservices kubernetes 12factor modern and nice IBM Garage @holly_cummins
born on the cloud microservices kubernetes 12factor synonym for ‘cloud’ modern and nice IBM Garage @holly_cummins
?? IBM Garage ?? ?? ?? idempotent ?? ?? @holly_cummins
rerunnable IBM Garage @holly_cummins
done with devops (don’t forget devops) marketing buzzword IBM Garage our legacy app, but now it’s on the cloud microservices, but with smart proxies @holly_cummins
born on the cloud kubernetes microservices IBM Garage 12-factor just ‘cloud’ modern and nice rerunnable @holly_cummins
two years ago, I totally knew what cloud native was © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
born on the cloud kubernetes microservices IBM Garage 12-factor just ‘cloud’ modern and nice rerunnable @holly_cummins
CORRECT! born on the cloud kubernetes microservices IBM Garage 12-factor just ‘cloud’ modern and nice rerunnable @holly_cummins
CORRECT! born on the cloud kubernetes WRONG! microservices IBM Garage 12-factor just ‘cloud’ modern and nice rerunnable @holly_cummins
CORRECT! born on the cloud WRONGER! kubernetes WRONG! microservices IBM Garage 12-factor just ‘cloud’ modern and nice rerunnable @holly_cummins
CORRECT! born on the cloud kubernetes WRONG! microservices IBM Garage just ‘cloud’ WRONGER! CLOSE! 12-factor modern and nice rerunnable @holly_cummins
CORRECT! born on the cloud kubernetes WRONG! microservices IBM Garage just ‘cloud’ WRONGER! CLOSE! 12-factor MAYBE? modern and nice rerunnable @holly_cummins
CORRECT! born on the cloud kubernetes WRONG! microservices IBM Garage just ‘cloud’ WRONGER! WHAT?! CLOSE! 12-factor MAYBE? modern and nice rerunnable @holly_cummins
CORRECT! born on the cloud kubernetes WRONG! microservices IBM Garage just ‘cloud’ WRONGER! WHAT?! CLOSE! 12-factor MAYBE? modern and nice CLOSE! rerunnable @holly_cummins
2019 #IBM @holly_cummins
WRONG! microservices 2019 #IBM @holly_cummins
WRONG! microservices 2019 #IBM @holly_cummins
WRONG! microservices microservices containers dynamically orchestrated 2019 #IBM @holly_cummins
microservices + containers uh oh CNCF IBM Garage @holly_cummins
o g a s r a 2 ye e v i t a n d u o l c “the n o i t a d n u o f g n i co mput is wrong … .” e v i t a n d u o l c t abo u #IBM Dr Holly @holly_cummins
o g a s r a 2 ye e v i t a n d u o l c “the n o i t a d n u o f g n i co mput is wrong … .” e v i t a n d u o l c t abo u #IBM Dr Holly @holly_cummins
g a s r a e y 2 Dr Holly #IBM @holly_cummins
#IBMGarage @holly_cummins
does the CNCF even know what cloud native is? © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
does the CNCF even agree what cloud native is? © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
2019 #IBM @holly_cummins
2020 IBM Garage @holly_cummins
2020 IBM Garage @holly_cummins
IBM Garage @holly_cummins
IBM Garage @holly_cummins
IBM Garage @holly_cummins
IBM Garage @holly_cummins
IBM Garage @holly_cummins
2019 #IBM @holly_cummins
microservices stack containers 2019 #IBM @holly_cummins
2020 IBM Garage @holly_cummins
immutable infrastructure microservices exemplify 2020 IBM Garage @holly_cummins
does the definition of cloud native even matter? © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
what matters: the why? #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
what problem are we trying to solve? #IBM @holly_cummins
#IBM @holly_cummins
build great products faster #IBM @holly_cummins
2020 IBM Garage @holly_cummins
make high-impact changes frequently and predictably with minimal toil 2020 IBM Garage @holly_cummins
how it goes wrong #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
fail the muddy goal
why is the cloud only saving us money, Bob? #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
why are there no microservices in this cloud native app Alice? #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
fail microservices envy
microservices are not the goal #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
microservices are not the goal they are the means #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
microservices are not the goal they are a means #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
se a b od o g a e r a s r e n i a t con © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
it’s not a competition to see how many you can have se a b od o g a e r a s r e n i a t con © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
“we’re going too slowly. we need to get rid of COBOL and make microservices!” #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
“we’re going too slowly. we need to get rid of COBOL and make microservices!” “… but our release board only meets twice a year.” #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
distributed monolith #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
distributed monolith but without compile-time checking … or guaranteed function execution #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
fail cloud-native spaghetti
“every time we change one microservice, another breaks” #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
distributed != decoupled © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
“each of our microservices has duplicated the same object model … with twenty classes and seventy fields” © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
Microservice © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
Microservice Domain © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
Microservice Domain © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
© 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
Courtesy NASA/ JPL-Caltech © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
© 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
© 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
metric units
metric units imperial units
metric units imperial units distributing did not help
microservices need consumer-driven contract tests © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
microservices need automated consumer-driven contract tests © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
fail the ‘someday’ automation
“our tests aren’t automated” © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
“we don’t know if our code works” © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
“we don’t know if our code works” © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
fail the not-actuallycontinuous continuous integration and continuous deployment
“we have a CI/CD” #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
CI/CD is something you do not a tool you buy #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
“i’ll merge my branch into our CI next week” #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
“CI/CD … CI/CD … CI/CD … we release every six months … CI/CD …. ” #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
continuous. I do not think that word means what you think it means. #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
“we can’t actually release this.” #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
why? #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
what’s stopping more frequent deploys? #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
“we can’t release this microservice… we deploy all our microservices at the same time.” #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
what’s the point of architecture that can go faster, if you don’t go faster? #IBM @holly_cummins
how not to drive a car © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
feedback is good engineering © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
feedback is good business © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
deferred wiring #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
feature flags #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
A/B testing canary deploys #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
fail the lockeddown totally rigid inflexible un-cloudy cloud
“this provisioning software is broken” #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
10 minute provision-time what we sold “this provisioning software is broken” #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
what the client thought they’d got 10 minute provision-time what we sold 3 month provisiontime “this provisioning software is broken” #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
what the client thought they’d got 10 minute provision-time the reason 3 month provisiontime 84-step pre-approval process what we sold “this provisioning software is broken” #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
#IBMGarage @holly_cummins
#IBMGarage @holly_cummins
old-style governance isn’t going to work #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
FinOps #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
AIOps #IBMGarage @holly_cummins
ways to succeed at cloud native © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
© 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
cloud native architecture … © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
cloud native architecture … and © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
cloud native architecture … and cloud native operations © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
align business and IT © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
devops © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
optimise for feedback © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
be clear on what you’re trying to achieve © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
collaborate with experts co-creation is brilliant © 2019 IBM Corporation #IBM @holly_cummins
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