One hour to learn Stencil

A presentation at LostInBrittany Discord Tutorials in April 2022 in by Horacio Gonzalez

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One hour to learn Stencil Horacio Gonzalez - @LostInBrittany

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Who am I? Introducing myself

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Horacio Gonzalez @LostInBrittany Spaniard lost in Brittany, developer, dreamer and all-around geek Flutter

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The 3 minutes context What the heck are web component?

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Web Components Web standard W3C

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Web Components Available in all modern browsers: Firefox, Safari, Chrome

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Web Components Create your own HTML tags Encapsulating look and behavior

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Web Components Fully interoperable With other web components, with any framework

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Web Components CUSTOM ELEMENTS SHADOW DOM TEMPLATES

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Custom Element To define your own HTML tag <body> … <script> window.customElements.define(‘my-element’, class extends HTMLElement {…}); </script> <my-element></my-element> </body>

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Shadow DOM To encapsulate subtree and style in an element <button>Hello, world!</button> <script> var host = document.querySelector(‘button’); const shadowRoot = host.attachShadow({mode:’open’}); shadowRoot.textContent = ‘こんにちは、影の世界!’; </script>

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Template To have clonable document template <template id=”mytemplate”> <img src=”” alt=”great image”> <div class=”comment”></div> </template> var t = document.querySelector(‘#mytemplate’); // Populate the src at runtime. t.content.querySelector(‘img’).src = ‘logo.png’; var clone = document.importNode(t.content, true); document.body.appendChild(clone);

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But in fact, itʼs just an element… ● ● ● ● Attributes Properties Methods Events

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Stencil Powering Ionic 4+

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Not another library A Web Component toolchain

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A mature technology Powering Ionic Framework

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A build time tool To generate standard web components

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Fully featured ● Web Component-based ● Component pre-rendering ● Asynchronous rendering pipeline ● Simple component lazy-loading ● TypeScript support ● JSX support ● Reactive Data Binding ● Dependency-free components

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And the cherry on the cake Server-Side Rendering

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Stencil leverages the web platform Working with the web, not against it

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The Stencil story A company tired of putting good code in the bin

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Once upon a time there was a fight Between native apps and web app on mobile

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A quest to the perfect solution Hybrid apps, leveraging on web technologies

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A company wanted to do it well The perfect technology for mobile web and hybrid apps

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The time is 2013 So what technology would you use?

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Really soon after launch… Hey folks, we are killing AngularJS!

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What did Ionic people do? Let’s put everything in the trash bin and begin anew

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But times have changed… In 2013 Angular JS was the prom queen

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Times have changed… In 2017 Angular is only one more in the clique

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Angular limits adoption of Ionic Devs and companies are very vocal about JS Frameworks

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What did Ionic people do? Let’s put everything in the trash bin and begin anew… But on which framework?

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What about web components? A nice solution for Ionic problems: Any framework, even no framework at all!

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But what Web Component library? SkateJS There were so many of them!

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Let’s do something different A fully featured web component toolchain With all the bells and whistles!

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Ionic rewrote all their code again Ionic 4 is fully based on Ionic

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Now Ionic works on any framework Or without framework at all

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And we have Stencil To use it in any of our projects

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Hey dude, enough stories! We are here to see some code!

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Hands on Stencil Simply use npm init npm init stencil Choose the type of project to start ? Pick a starter › - Use arrow-keys. Return to submit. ❯ ionic-pwa Everything you need to build fast, production ready PWAs app Minimal starter for building a Stencil app or website component Collection of web components that can be used anywhere Updating Stencil

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Hands on Stencil And the project is initialized in some seconds! ✔ Pick a starter › component ✔ Project name › codemotion-online ✔ All setup in 17 ms $ npm start Starts the development server. $ npm run build Builds your components/app in production mode. $ npm test Starts the test runner. We $ $ $ suggest that you begin by typing: cd codemotion-online npm install npm start Happy coding! 🎈

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Starting the development server npm start

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Let’s look at the code

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Some concepts import { Component, Prop, h } from ‘@stencil/core’; import { format } from ‘../../utils/utils’; @Component({ tag: ‘my-component’, styleUrl: ‘my-component.css’, shadow: true }) export class MyComponent { @Prop() first: string; Decorators

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Some concepts @Prop() first: string; @Prop() middle: string; @Prop() last: string; @State() nickname: string; Properties and States

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Some concepts render() { return <div>Hello, World! I’m {this.getText()}</div>; } Asynchronous rendering using JSX

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Some concepts @Prop() value: number; @Watch(value) valueChanged(newValue: boolean, oldValue: boolean) { console.log(The new value is ${newValue}, it was ${oldValue} before); } Watch

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Some concepts @Event() actionCompleted: EventEmitter; someAction(message: String) { this.actionCompleted.emit(message); } Emitting events @Listen(‘actionCompleted’) actionCompletedHandler(event: CustomEvent) { console.log(‘Received the custom actionCompleted event: ‘, event.detail); } Listening to events

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Some concepts @Method() async sayHello() { this.hello = true; } render() { return ( <Host> <h2>{ this.hello ? Hello sthlm.js : ”}</h2> </Host> ); } Asynchronous public methods